Advantages of the simultaneous cognitive–physical programs were found in two dimensions of executive function. Results: Eighty-nine participants were randomized to the three groups initially, 71 completed the training, while 47 were available at 1-year follow-up. Multiple regression analyses with planned comparisons were calculated. Cognitive performance was assessed at baseline, after 3 and 6 months, and at 1-year follow-up. Two 1-hour training sessions per week over 6 months were applied. Each program was complemented with strength and balance exercises. Methods: Seniors, older than 70 years, without cognitive impairment, were randomly assigned to either: 1) virtual reality video game dancing (DANCE), 2) treadmill walking with simultaneous verbal memory training (MEMORY), or 3) treadmill walking (PHYS).
We hypothesized that simultaneous cognitive–physical components would add training specific cognitive benefits compared to exclusively physical training. This study evaluates synergistic effects of multicomponent physical exercise complemented with novel simultaneous cognitive training on cognition in older adults. Physical and cognitive training have differential positive effects on cognition, but have been rarely applied in combination.
Patrick Eggenberger, 1 Vera Schumacher, 2,3 Marius Angst, 1 Nathan Theill, 4,5 Eling D de Bruin 1,6,7ġInstitute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 2Department of Gerontopsychology and Gerontology, 3University Research Priority Program “Dynamics of Healthy Aging”, University of Zurich, Zurich, 4Division of Psychiatry Research, University of Zurich, Schlieren, 5Center for Gerontology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland 6CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Department of Epidemiology, 7Centre for Evidence Based Physiotherapy, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlandsīackground: Cognitive impairment is a health problem that concerns almost every second elderly person.
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